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A turbocharger consists of two metal pinwheels supported by a common shaft and enclosed by housings. One housing routes the engine’s exhaust gases to what is called the turbine wheel. The other housing contains the pinwheel called a compressor. The engine’s hot exhaust gases cause the turbine to spin at high speed – up to 100,000 rpm. Since the compressor is connected to it, it spins at the same rpm, drawing in a high volume of fresh air that’s delivered by tubular ducts to the engine’s intake valves. This excess fresh air increases the power produced by the engine. As the timeline below notes, the concept of turbocharging is nearly as old as the automobile. It’s a brilliant idea that will see extensive use in the future because it allows small, fuel-efficient engines to produce ample power.

Photo Gallery: Turbocharging Milestones – Fuel Efficient News, Car Features and Reviews – Automobile Magazine